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Temper Designations for Aluminum

At Solitaire Steel & Engineering LLP, we provide a comprehensive range of aluminum alloys in various temper designations, ensuring the material is suited for its intended application. Aluminum alloys are divided into two main categories based on how their mechanical properties are developed: non-heat treatable alloys and heat treatable alloys.

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Non-Heat Treatable Alloys

These alloys achieve their strength through cold working processes such as rolling or extruding. Known as work-hardened alloys, their temper is designated by the letter “H.”

Heat Treatable Alloys

These alloys gain their strength through heat treatment followed by cooling and natural or artificial aging. Tempers for heat-treatable alloys are designated by the letter “T.”

Key Processes for Heat-Treatable Alloys

  • Solution Heat Treating: Aluminum is heated to a specific temperature for a prescribed time and then rapidly cooled (quenched), usually in water.
  • Natural Aging (T1, T2, T3, T4): This process occurs at room temperature and hardens the metal after solution heat treatment over time.
  • Artificial Aging (T5, T6, T9): A faster process than natural aging, artificial aging involves heating the metal for a defined period at low temperatures (100-200ºC) to achieve greater strength.

Key Processes for Non-Heat Treatable Alloys

  • Work Hardening (H14): Increases the strength of aluminum by deforming it (e.g., rolling or stamping), which reduces ductility.
  • Partial Annealing (H24): A process that restores some ductility by heating after work hardening.
  • Stabilizing (H34): This low-temperature thermal treatment stabilizes the mechanical properties, relieving residual internal stress. It is mainly applied to 5000 series alloys.

Non-Heat Treatable Alloy Designations

Term Description
H1X Work Hardened
H2X Work Hardened and Partially Annealed
H3X Work Hardened and Stabilized by Low Temperature
H4X Work Hardened and Stoved

Temper Codes for Aluminum Plates

Code Description
H111 Some work hardening due to shaping, but less than H11 temper
H112 Tempered by shaping with no special strain-hardening control
H321 Strain-hardened less than required for H32 temper
H343 H34 temper specially fabricated to resist stress corrosion
H116 Special corrosion-resistant temper for marine applications

Full List of Temper Codes

  • F: As fabricated (no specific property limits)
  • O: Fully annealed, soft
  • H12-H18: Work hardened to various degrees (quarter to fully hard)
  • H24-H28: Work hardened, then partially annealed
  • H32-H343: Work hardened, then stabilized by low-temperature treatment to improve ductility and stress relief
  • T1-T10: Various tempering processes, from natural aging to artificial aging, cold working, and stress relief

Solitaire Steel & Engineering LLP offers a variety of aluminum alloys tailored to specific temper requirements for both heat-treatable and non-heat-treatable applications. Our team ensures the right temper is selected to meet the mechanical properties necessary for your project.

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For more information about aluminum tempers and choosing the right alloy for your needs, visit our, visit our Aluminum Tempers Page or contact us directly.

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